PHP Operators

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The assignment operator = is used to assign values to variables in PHP.

The arithmetic operator + is used to add values together.

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Arithmetic Operators

The table below lists the arithmetic operators in PHP:

Operator Name Description Example Result

x + y

Addition

Sum of x and y

2 + 2

4

x - y

Subtraction

Difference of x and y

5 - 2

3

x * y

Multiplication

Product of x and y

5 * 2

10

x / y

Division

Quotient of x and y

15 / 5

3

x % y

Modulus

Remainder of x divided by y

5 % 2
10 % 8
10 % 2

1
2
0

- x

Negation

Opposite of x

- 2

a . b

Concatenation

Concatenate two strings

"Hi" . "Ha"

HiHa

Assignment Operators

The basic assignment operator in PHP is "=". It means that the left operand

gets set to the value of the expression on the right. That is, the value of "$x

= 5" is 5.

Assignment Same as... Description

x = y

x = y

The left operand gets set to the value of the expression on the right

x += y

x = x + y

Addition

x -= y

x = x - y

Subtraction

x *= y

x = x * y

Multiplication

x /= y

x = x / y

Division

x %= y

x = x % y

Modulus

a .= b

a = a . b

Concatenate two strings

Incrementing/Decrementing Operators

Operator Name Description

++ x

Pre-increment

Increments x by one, then returns x

x ++

Post-increment

Returns x, then increments x by one

-- x

Pre-decrement

Decrements x by one, then returns x

x --

Post-decrement

Returns x, then decrements x by one

Comparison Operators

Comparison operators allows you to compare two values:

Operator Name Description Example

x == y

Equal

True if x is equal to y

5==8 returns false

x === y

Identical

True if x is equal to y, and they are of same type

5==="5" returns false

x != y

Not equal

True if x is not equal to y

5!=8 returns true

x <> y

Not equal

True if x is not equal to y

5<>8 returns true

x !== y

Not identical

True if x is not equal to y, or they are not of same type

5!=="5" returns true

x > y

Greater than

True if x is greater than y

5>8 returns false

x < y

Less than

True if x is less than y

5<8 returns true

x >= y

Greater than or equal to

True if x is greater than or equal to y

5>=8 returns false

x <= y

Less than or equal to

True if x is less than or equal to y

5<=8 returns true

Logical Operators

Operator Name Description Example

x and y

And

True if both x and y are true

x=6
y=3

(x < 10 and y > 1) returns true

x or y

Or

True if either or both x and y are true

x=6
y=3

(x==6 or y==5) returns true

x xor y

Xor

True if either x or y is true, but not both

x=6
y=3

(x==6 xor y==3) returns false

x && y

And

True if both x and y are true

x=6
y=3

(x < 10 && y > 1) returns true

x || y

Or

True if either or both x and y are true

x=6
y=3

(x==5 || y==5) returns false

! x

Not

True if x is not true

x=6
y=3

!(x==y) returns true

Array Operators

Operator Name Description

x + y

Union

Union of x and y

x == y

Equality

True if x and y have the same key/value pairs

x === y

Identity

True if x and y have the same key/value pairs in the same order and of the

same types

x != y

Inequality

True if x is not equal to y

x <> y

Inequality

True if x is not equal to y

x !== y

Non-identity

True if x is not identical to y

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